Russian Blood-Soaked Export

On the occasion of the Ukraine Recovery Conference that was held in Rome on 10–11 July 2025, the Centre for Geopolitics at the University of Cambridge, in partnership with ECFR, CREA, and LUISS, was honoured to host a high-level roundtable titled “Breaking the Chain: Countering Shadow Fleet Operations in Europe’s Strategic Waterways”. The event contributed to the wider Ukraine Recovery Conference by examining a critical dimension of Russia’s war against Ukraine: the economic infrastructure underlying the conflict and the maritime security challenges it creates for Europe. Drawing on the latest data and expert insights, the discussion analyzed the effectiveness of existing economic measures targeting Russia and their implications for conflict resolution and European security.

In June 2025, 9 violations (383.952 tons) of the EU embargo on seaborne imports of Russian petroleum products (excluding crude oil) to the transshipment points and EU/US ports from the Baltic Sea were recorded. The voyages were made by tankers belonging to shipowners registered in Greece, Singapore, Turkey, UAE, China and Panama.

In June 2025, 6 violations (640.568 tons) of the EU embargo on seaborne imports of Russian crude oil from the Baltic Sea were recorded. The voyages were made by tankers belonging to shipowners registered in Greece, UAE, Turkey and China.

In June 2025, 156 violations of the export of Russian crude oil and petroleum products from the Baltic Sea were recorded. 13.9 mln tons of Russian crude oil and petroleum products were delivered through the Russian ports of the Baltic Sea.

In June 2025, a total of 45 tankers exported CPC oil from the Russian port of Novorossiysk, excluding the exports to Bulgaria and Romania. Together they exported a total of about 6.5 million tons of oil, including 5.7 million tons to the EU and 800.736 tons to other countries.

In June 2025, 22 violations of the EU embargo on seaborne imports of Russian petroleum products (excluding crude oil) from the Black Sea were recorded. 15 of violations involved the delivery of petroleum products to a transshipment points off the coasts of Greece, Romania and Cyprus. 7 direct voyages were made to the ports of the EU countries. In June 2025, 808.917 tons of Russian petroleum products were delivered in violation of the embargo.

In June 2025, 5 violations of the EU embargo on seaborne imports of Russian crude oil from the Black Sea were recorded. All of them were involved the delivery of crude oil to the ports of the EU countries. In June 2025, a total of 633.560 tons of Russian crude oil were delivered to the EU in violation of the embargo.

In June 2025, 201 violations of the export of Russian crude oil and petroleum products from the Black Sea were recorded. Almost 14.2 mln tons of Russian crude oil, Kazakh crude oil by the Caspian Pipeline Consortium (CPC) and petroleum products were delivered through the Russian ports of the Black Sea.

In May 2025, 22 violations of the EU embargo on seaborne imports of Russian petroleum products (excluding crude oil) from the Black Sea were recorded. 17 of violations involved the delivery of petroleum products to a transshipment points off the coasts of Greece, Romania and Cyprus. 5 direct voyages were made to the ports of the EU countries. In May 2025, 819.992 tons of Russian petroleum products were delivered in violation of the embargo.

In May 2025, 9 violations of the EU embargo on seaborne imports of Russian crude oil from the Black Sea were recorded. 5 of them were involved the delivery of crude oil to the ports of the EU countries. Four voyages were involved the delivery of crude oil to the transshipment points. In May 2025, a total of 966.477 tons of Russian crude oil were delivered to the EU in violation of the embargo.

In May 2025, a total of 49 tankers exported CPC oil from the Russian port of Novorossiysk, excluding the exports to Bulgaria and Romania. Together they exported a total of about 7.3 million tons of oil, including 5.6 million tons to the EU and 1.7 million tons to other countries.

In January-May 2025, the Russian Army carried out at least 57 attacks* on the ports of the Greater Odesa — Port of Odesa, Pivdennyi Port and Port of Chornomorsk — as well as on energy and industrial infrastructure of the Odesa Oblast. The attacks were launched from the TOT Crimea and Southern Ukraine, as well as from the RF, averaging one every three days. Those included no less than: 22 missile attacks of various types, 38 attacks by strike and decoy UAVs of the Shahed-136/131, Geran/Gerbera and other types.

In May 2025, 9 violations (396.600 tons) of the EU embargo on seaborne imports of Russian petroleum products (excluding crude oil) to the transshipment points and EU/US ports from the Baltic Sea were recorded. The voyages were made by tankers belonging to shipowners registered in Greece.

In May 2025, 1 violation (112.870 tons) of the EU embargo on seaborne imports of Russian crude oil from the Baltic Sea was recorded. The voyage was made by tanker belonging to shipowner registered in Greece.

In May 2025, 170 violations of the export of Russian crude oil and petroleum products from the Baltic Sea were recorded. 14.9 mln tons of Russian crude oil and petroleum products were delivered through the Russian ports of the Baltic Sea.