Russian Black Sea Crude Oil Exports Set a Record in March 2023
The Monitoring Group of the BlackSeaNews
and Black Sea Institute for Strategic Studies
Based on the results of our own monitoring (see Table 3), the monitoring group of the BlackSeaNews and Black Sea Institute for Strategic Studies reports on the main trends in Russian oil exports from the Black and Azov Seas in March 2023.
Summary
In March 2023, Russia's crude oil exports from the Black Sea ports set a record of 5,565,874 tons, which is significantly higher than in any previous month since April 2022.
The record 2.7 times growth has been driven by exports to countries other than the EU, the G7 and those supporting the December 5, 2022 oil embargo, who imported 91.4% of the total Russian Black Sea oil exports that month. 8.6% of the total volumes went to the raid transshipment off the coast of Greece.
The main drivers of the March 2023 growth were: India at 1,242,956 tons — a 1.6 times increase compared to the previous month, Singapore at 1,064,478 tons — a 9.2 times increase, and China — at 877,217 tons, a 5.5 times increase.
With 8 tankers out of 45, or 17.8%, the role of the EU tankers in the transportation to other countries has not been critical.
We conclude that Russia clearly is not planning to reduce either oil production or its exports, thus, all Russian statements about the alleged production drop are likely just a manipulation aimed at pushing up the world oil prices. The policy seems to be coordinated with OPEC+. There is no shortage of tankers for these exports.
Report
Notes:
a) the Russian Federation exports crude oil and oil products — fuel oil, gas oil and diesel fuel — from the ports of the Black and Azov Seas. The cargo is carried by two different types of vessels — crude oil tankers and oil/chemical (oil product) tankers, respectively. While crude oil tankers are usually very large and in the Black Sea each of them is capable of taking 100 to 150 thousand tons of crude oil, oil product tankers have a much smaller carrying capacity in the 3-5 and 25-30 thousand ton ranges. The monthly ratio of crude oil to oil product exports is approximately 3:1;
b) there are two separate streams of crude oil exported from the Black Sea ports: Russian crude oil — from the ports of Novorossiysk, Taman, Tuapse, the raid transshipment in the Kerch Strait and south of it and crude oil of the Caspian Pipeline Consortium (CPC) — from a special terminal in the port of Novorossiysk. The latter contains 80% Kazakh oil and 20% oil produced in Kazakhstan by the Russian Lukoil company. Despite the fact that it is transported via the Russian territory, Kazakh oil is currently not subject to sanctions;
c) when showing the crude oil and petroleum product export figures, the tables and diagrams use the deadweight (DWT) indicator — the total carrying capacity of a vessel or the total weight of variable cargo in tons, including that of fuel, lubricating oil, technical and drinking water, passengers with luggage, crew and food. The latter does not significantly affect the overall numbers, since even on tankers with a deadweight of 100-150 thousand tons, the cumulative weight of fuel, water, food and a small crew totals mere hundreds of tons, thus, not altering the analysis results;
d) the report does not take into account the volumes of Russian crude oil and oil products exports to the Romanian and Bulgarian Black Sea ports and raid transshipments. For reference: In July 2022, those exports are estimated at about 3.1 million tons — 1.9 million tons to Romania and 1.2 million to Bulgaria. Of those, Russian crude oil accounts for about 2.4 million tons — 1.4 million tons to Romania and 1.0 million to Bulgaria;
e) for convenience, the tables and diagrams use the term «EU+» that besides the EU member states, also includes the US, the UK and Monaco. Such grouping is justified by the fact that Russia's oil and oil product exports to these countries are very small;
f) the Tanker Database given at the end of the report, uses the "crude oil tanker CPC" identification for tanker that transport crude oil from the Caspian Pipeline Consortium terminal. Tankers transporting crude oil from the Russian Federation are entered as just "crude oil tanker".
* * *
1. In March 2023, Russia's crude oil exports from the Black Sea ports set a record of 5,565,874 tons, which is significantly higher than in any previous month since April 2022* when the average was 3,457,348 tons.
* April 2022 was the start of the Monitoring Group's daily monitoring of Russian marine exports of oil and oil products when the group could provide verified numbers, excluding only exports to Bulgaria and transshipment off the coast of Romania.
2. This record increase was driven by exports to the Asian and African countries** that aren’t part of the EU, G7 and others that supported the December 5, 2022 oil embargo that has been in effect since.
** In March 2023, Asian and African countries imported 5,089,425 tons, or 91.4% of the total volume of Russian Black Sea oil export, while 476,449 tons went to the raid transshipment off the coast of Greece.
3. Russian Black Sea oil export to the raid transshipment off the coast of Greece in March amounted to only 8.6% of the total.
For the first time, in March 2023, no tankers with Russian crude oil from the Black Sea called at the EU ports.
4. Compared to the previous month, in March 2023, Russian Black Sea oil export to countries other than the EU+ has grown by 3,216,048 tons or 2.7 times — from 1,873,377 to 5,089,425.
The main March 2023 importers and growth drivers have been:
-
India [IN] at 1,242,956 tons — an increase of 443,197 tons, or 1.6 times
-
Singapore [SG] at 1,064,478 tons — an increase of 949,033 tons, or 9.2 times
-
China [CN] at 877,217 tons— an increase of 718,033 tons, or 5.5 times
-
Turkey [TR] at 468,386 tons— an increase of 197,903 tons, or 1.7 times
5. In March 2023, 45 tankers transported Russian crude oil. Based on the shipowning companies country of registration, they were distributed as follows:
-
Cyprus [CY] – 1
-
Greece [GR] – 16
-
India [IN] – 7
-
Russia [RU] – 7, (re-registered in Dubai, United Arab Emirates)
-
Turkey [TR] – 6
-
Liberia [LR] – 5
-
British Virgin Islands [VG] – 1
-
Marshall Islands [MH] – 1
-
China [CN] – 1
Conclusions and Assumptions
Russia is not planning to reduce either oil production or its exports, thus, all Russian statements about the alleged production drop are likely just a manipulation aimed at pushing up the world oil prices.
This policy is most likely coordinated with OPEC+.
There is no shortage of tanker fleet to ensure these shipments. Control over compliance with the «price ceiling» contract terms by EU carriers is likely ineffective.
With 8 tankers out of 45, or 17.8%, the role of the EU tankers in the transportation to other countries has not been critical.
* * *
Table 1. Volumes of Russian Black Sea Crude Oil Exports to the EU+ countries in April 2022 - March 2023, tons
Table 2. Volumes of Russian Black Sea Crude Oil Exports to non-EU+ countries in April 2022 - March 2023, tons
Table 3. Tankers Transporting Crude Oil from the Russian Black and Azov Seas Ports in March 2023 (database)
# |
Name |
IMO |
DWT |
Flag |
Port of departure |
Actual time of departure |
Port of destination |
Estimated time of arrival |
Shipowner |
1 |
VARVARA |
9378620 |
99997 |
St. Kitts and Nevis |
RU NOVOROSSIYSK ANCH |
ATD: 2023-02-21 12:19 |
SG SIN |
ETA: 2023-03-04 09:00 |
Ship manager/Commercial manager GATIK SHIP MANAGEMENT M/S E-306, 3rd Floor, Eastern Business District, Neptune Magnet Mall, Lal Bahadur Shastri Road, Bhandup (W), Mumbai, 400078, India. |
2 |
ATTICA |
9436941 |
105309 |
St.Kitts and Nevis |
RU NVS |
ATD: 2023-02-19 16:53 |
CHINA FOR ORDERS |
Ship manager/Commercial manager GATIK SHIP MANAGEMENT M/S E-306, 3rd Floor, Eastern Business District, Neptune Magnet Mall, Lal Bahadur Shastri Road, Bhandup (W), Mumbai, 400078, India. |
|
3 |
ORIENTAL PEARL |
9281011 |
115048 |
St.Kitts and Nevis |
RU TAM |
ATD: 2023-02-24 16:59 |
GR KLX |
ETA: 2023-03-10 08:00 |
Ship manager/Commercial manager GATIK SHIP MANAGEMENT M/S E-306, 3rd Floor, Eastern Business District, Neptune Magnet Mall, Lal Bahadur Shastri Road, Bhandup (W), Mumbai, 400078, India. |
4 |
HAMMURABI |
9297357 |
113553 |
St.Kitts and Nevis |
RU NVS |
ATD: 2023-03-02 04:02 |
LK CMB |
ETA: 2023-03-21 17:30 |
Ship manager/Commercial manager GATIK SHIP MANAGEMENT M/S E-306, 3rd Floor, Eastern Business District, Neptune Magnet Mall, Lal Bahadur Shastri Road, Bhandup (W), Mumbai, 400078, India. |
5 |
GREAT JACOMBO |
9319703 |
109672 |
Gabon |
RU TUA |
ATD: 2023-02-27 12:02 |
MY TPP |
ETA: 2023-04-04 20:00 |
Ship manager/Commercial manager GATIK SHIP MANAGEMENT M/S E-306, 3rd Floor, Eastern Business District, Neptune Magnet Mall, Lal Bahadur Shastri Road, Bhandup (W), Mumbai, 400078, India. |
6 |
ELISE |
9277747 |
74999 |
Liberia |
RU NVS |
ATD: 2023-03-16 20:01 |
AE FJR |
ETA: 2023-04-05 16:00 |
Ship manager/Commercial manager EASTERN EURO SHIP MANAGEMENT Office B103, Shelton Sapphire, 18&19, Sector 15, CBD Belapur, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400614, India. |
7 |
GOLDEN MILE |
9337901 |
110802 |
St.Kitts and Nevis |
RU TUA |
ATD: 2023-03-17 10:54 |
SG SIN |
ETA: 2023-04-16 20:00 |
Ship manager/Commercial manager GATIK SHIP MANAGEMENT M/S E-306, 3rd Floor, Eastern Business District, Neptune Magnet Mall, Lal Bahadur Shastri Road, Bhandup (W), Mumbai, 400078, India. |
8 |
TYCHE 1 |
9308077 |
150980 |
Panama |
RU KAVKAZ SOUTH ANCH |
ATD: 2023-03-02 00:00 |
GR KLX |
ETA: 2023-03-06 16:00 |
Ship manager/Commercial manager FRACTAL MARINE DMCC Unit 157, Level 5, DMCC Business Centre, Jewellery & Gemplex 2, Dubai, United Arab Emirates. |
9 |
SCF PRIMORYE |
9421960 |
158070 |
Liberia |
RU NVS |
ATD: 2023-03-06 20:11 |
CN TXG |
ETA: 2023-04-14 14:00 |
Ship manager/Commercial manager SUN SHIP MANAGEMENT Office OT 17-32, 17th Floor, Office Tower, Central Park Towers, Dubai International Financial Centre, PO Box 507065, Dubai, United Arab Emirates. |
10 |
ALEKSEY KOSYGIN |
9316127 |
163545 |
Liberia |
RU NVS |
ATD: 2023-03-10 04:04 |
IN PRT |
ETA: 2023-04-07 15:00 |
Ship manager/Commercial manager SUN SHIP MANAGEMENT Office OT 17-32, 17th Floor, Office Tower, Central Park Towers, Dubai International Financial Centre, PO Box 507065, Dubai, United Arab Emirates. |
11 |
VLADIMIR TIKHONOV |
9311622 |
162397 |
Liberia |
RU NVS |
ATD: 2023-03-14 10:00 |
IN VAD |
ETA: 2023-04-04 15:30 |
Ship manager/Commercial manager SUN SHIP MANAGEMENT Office OT 17-32, 17th Floor, Office Tower, Central Park Towers, Dubai International Financial Centre, PO Box 507065, Dubai, United Arab Emirates. |
12 |
HARMONIA |
9400980 |
105380 |
Panama |
RU TAM |
ATD: 2023-03-10 02:54 |
SG SIN |
ETA: 2023-04-13 06:00 |
Ship manager/Commercial manager FRACTAL MARINE DMCC Unit 157, Level 5, DMCC Business Centre, Jewellery & Gemplex 2, Dubai, United Arab Emirates. |
13 |
LEONID LOZA |
9412347 |
156630 |
Liberia |
RU NVS |
ATD: 2023-03-17 07:36 |
MM KYP |
ETA: 2023-04-11 20:30 |
Ship manager/Commercial manager SUN SHIP MANAGEMENT Office OT 17-32, 17th Floor, Office Tower, Central Park Towers, Dubai International Financial Centre, PO Box 507065, Dubai, United Arab Emirates. |
14 |
SCF SURGUT |
9422445 |
158096 |
Liberia |
RU NVS |
ATD: 2023-02-24 23:38 |
CN QZH |
ETA: 2023-03-31 17:00 |
Ship manager/Commercial manager SUN SHIP MANAGEMENT Office OT 17-32, 17th Floor, Office Tower, Central Park Towers, Dubai International Financial Centre, PO Box 507065, Dubai, United Arab Emirates. |
15 |
OCEANIA |
9905344 |
163085 |
Liberia |
RU NVS |
ATD: 2023-03-01 14:33 |
IN MUN |
ETA: 2023-03-19 19:30 |
Ship manager/Commercial manager DYNACOM TANKERS MANAGEMENT LTD 94, Poseidonos Avenue & 2, Nikis Street, Glyfada, 166 75 Athens, Greece. |
16 |
GLORIA MARIS |
9899997 |
156620 |
Liberia |
RU NVS |
ATD: 2023-03-03 10:51 |
TR ALIAGA |
ETA: 2023-03-12 03:01 |
Ship manager/Commercial manager NGM ENERGY SA 2nd Floor, 47-49, Boumpoulinas Street, 185 35 Piraeus, Greece. |
17 |
ABLIANI |
9693068 |
109999 |
Malta |
RU TUA |
ATD: 2023-02-17 10:36 |
CN QDG |
ETA: 2023-04-06 09:00 |
Ship manager/Commercial manager EASTERN MEDITERRANEAN MTME-LIE 69, Grigoriou Lampraki Street, Glyfada, 166 75 Athens, Greece. |
18 |
GREEN ADVENTURE |
9927201 |
114319 |
Liberia |
RU TAM |
ATD: 2023-03-02 19:01 |
BS FPO |
ETA: 2023-03-29 22:00 LT (UTC -4) |
Ship manager/Commercial manager AEGEAN SHIPPING MANAGEMENT SA 10, Akti Kondyli, 185 45 Piraeus, Greece. |
19 |
CHRYSALIS |
9437684 |
115867 |
Liberia |
RU TUA |
ATD: 2023-03-04 15:43 |
CHINA FOR ORDER |
Ship manager/Commercial manager STEALTH MARITIME CORP SA 331, Kifisias Avenue, Kifisia, 145 61 Athens, Greece. |
|
20 |
MINERVA SYMPHONY |
9304605 |
159450 |
Greece |
RU KAVKAZ SOUTH ANCH |
ATD: 2023-03-06 00:00 |
CN ZOS |
ETA: 2023-04-08 08:01 |
Registered owner SYMPHONY M ENE Care of Minerva Marine Inc, 141-143, Vouliagmenis Avenue & 1 Aiolou Street, Voula, 166 73 Athens, Greece. |
21 |
EUROSTRENGTH |
9543524 |
104594 |
Liberia |
RU NVS |
ATD: 2023-03-06 15:00 |
GR LAKONIKOS GULF |
ATA: 2023-03-16 11:27 |
Ship manager/Commercial manager EUROTANKERS INC 5th Floor, 99, Akti Miaouli, 185 38 Piraeus, Greece. |
22 |
MINERVA GEORGIA |
9332157 |
163417 |
Greece |
RU NVS |
ATD: 2023-03-07 09:25 |
IN MUN |
ETA: 2023-03-28 08:00 |
Ship manager/Commercial manager MINERVA MARINE INC 141-143, Vouliagmenis Avenue & 1 Aiolou Street, Voula, 166 73 Athens, Greece. |
23 |
PRIORITY C |
9282558 |
46847 |
Liberia |
RU NVS |
ATD: 2023-03-15 04:35 |
SN DKR |
ETA: 2023-03-30 16:00 LT UTC |
Ship manager/Commercial manager CHEMNAV SHIPMANAGEMENT LTD National Road Athens, 6, Roupel Street, Athens-Lamia Road, Km 17, Kifisia, 145 64 Athens, Greece. since 26/01/2023 |
24 |
NISSOS ANTIMILOS |
9895226 |
157447 |
Marshall Islands |
RU TAM |
ATD: 2023-03-15 14:12 |
SG SIN |
ETA: 2023-04-08 06:00 |
Ship manager/Commercial manager KYKLADES MARITIME CORP 2, Ethnarchou Makariou Street & Dimitrios Falireos Street, 185 47 Piraeus, Greece. since 07/05/2021 |
25 |
CALIDA |
9522128 |
115812 |
Malta |
RU TAM |
ATD: 2023-03-18 04:39 |
BS FPO |
ETA: 2023-04-10 05:00 LT (UTC -4) |
Registered owner ALCINA OWNING CO LTD Care of TMS Tankers Ltd, 109, Kifisias Avenue & Sina Street, Marousi, 151 24 Athens, Greece. |
26 |
ODESSA |
9633458 |
149999 |
Malta |
RU NVS |
ATD: 2023-03-18 10:57 |
IN VAD |
ETA: 2023-04-07 11:30 |
Ship manager/Commercial manager DYNACOM TANKERS MANAGEMENT LTD 94, Poseidonos Avenue & 2, Nikis Street, Glyfada, 166 75 Athens, Greece. |
27 |
ELAN VITAL |
9252943 |
71522 |
Marshall Is |
RU TUA |
ATD: 2023-03-20 22:41 |
SG SIN |
ETA: 2023-04-17 23:00 |
Ship manager/Commercial manager PRODUCT SHIPPING & TRADING SA Aethrion Center, 40, Agiou Konstantinou Street, Marousi, 151 24 Athens, Greece. |
28 |
MINERVA ELPIDA |
9440526 |
112793 |
Greece |
RU NVS |
ATD: 2023-03-22 19:48 |
TR ALI |
ETA: 2023-03-27 22:00 |
Ship manager/Commercial manager MINERVA MARINE INC 141-143, Vouliagmenis Avenue & 1 Aiolou Street, Voula, 166 73 Athens, Greece. |
29 |
NISSOS TINOS |
9886782 |
157447 |
Marshall Is |
RU NVS |
ATD: 2023-03-24 17:08 |
TR KORFEZ ANCH |
ATA: 2023-03-29 13:13 |
Ship manager/Commercial manager KYKLADES MARITIME CORP 2, Ethnarchou Makariou Street & Dimitrios Falireos Street, 185 47 Piraeus, Greece. |
30 |
ALEXIA |
9389966 |
107574 |
Marshall Is |
RU TUA |
ATD: 2023-03-24 06:14 |
SG SIN |
ETA: 2023-04-20 13:00 |
Ship manager/Commercial manager MARINE TRUST LTD-MAI Vergoti Square, Glyfada, 166 75 Athens, Greece. |
31 |
SUEZ ICE SUPREME |
9296418 |
146356 |
Liberia |
RU KAVKAZ SOUTH ANCH |
ATD: 2023-03-18 06:22 |
SG SIN |
ETA: 2023-04-19 01:00 |
Ship manager/Commercial manager UNIVERSAL TANKER MGMT UTM-CYP Office B3, 2nd Floor, 2B, Afroditis Street, 1060 Nicosia, Cyprus. |
32 |
FAIR SEAS |
9405057 |
115406 |
Marshall Is |
RU NVS |
ATA: 2023-03-02 10:08 |
SG SIN |
ETA: 2023-03-30 09:00 |
Ship manager/Commercial manager ACTIVE DENIZCILIK VE GEMI 2 Caddesi 5, Dudullu OSB Mah, Umraniye, 34776 Istanbul, Turkey. |
33 |
CROS |
9236016 |
149994 |
Liberia |
RU TAM |
ATD: 2023-03-02 02:36 |
SG SIN |
ETA: 2023-03-31 20:00 |
Ship manager/Commercial manager ANYK INTERNATIONAL LTD Daire 5, B Block, Ugur Mumcu Caddesi, Yil Mah, 100, Suleymanpasa, 59100 Tekirdag, Turkey. |
34 |
BEKS STAR |
9291250 |
114880 |
Marshall Is |
RU NVS |
ATD: 2023-03-04 17:21 |
IN VAD |
ETA: 2023-03-26 17:30 |
Ship manager/Commercial manager BEKS GEMI ISLETMECILIGI VE TIC Kore Sehitleri Caddesi 48/50, Esentepe Mah, Sisli, 34394 Istanbul, Turkey. |
35 |
BESIKTAS BOSPHORUS |
9290373 |
163750 |
Marshall Is |
RU TAM |
ATD: 2023-03-05 20:48 |
AE FJR |
ETA: 2023-04-02 18:00 |
Registered owner STRAITS TANKER CO LTD-MAI Care of Besiktas Likid Tasimacilik Denizcilik Ticaret AS, Kat 15, Blok A, Piyale Pasa Bulvari Memorial Centre, Okmeydani, Sisli, 34385 Istanbul, Turkey. |
36 |
BEKS FENIX |
9356751 |
49933 |
Marshall Is |
RU NVS |
ATD: 2023-03-17 03:45 |
TN LSK |
ETA: 2023-03-26 07:00 |
Ship manager/Commercial manager BEKS GEMI ISLETMECILIGI VE TIC Kore Sehitleri Caddesi 48/50, Esentepe Mah, Sisli, 34394 Istanbul, Turkey. |
37 |
BEKS WIND |
9286023 |
41526 |
Marshall Is |
RU NVS |
ATD: 2023-03-19 16:02 |
TR KORFEZ ANCH |
ATA: 2023-03-24 07:07 |
Ship manager/Commercial manager BEKS TANKER ISLETMECILIGI AS Kapi 3, Kore Sehitleri Caddesi 48-50, Esentepe Mah, Sisli, Istanbul, Turkey. |
38 |
HS BURAQ |
9381732 |
112521 |
Liberia |
RU KAVKAZ SOUTH ANCH |
ATD: 2023-03-01 00:00 |
AE FJR |
ETA: 2023-03-24 10:00 |
Ship manager/Commercial manager HS BURAQ LTD 80, Broad Street, Monrovia, Liberia. |
39 |
HS LEGEND |
9381744 |
112511 |
Liberia |
RU TUA |
ATD: 2023-03-03 15:11 |
MY PGG |
ETA: 2023-04-05 12:00 |
Ship manager/Commercial manager HS LEGEND LTD 80, Broad Street, Monrovia, Liberia. |
42 |
JAG |
9266762 |
70426 |
Liberia |
RU TUA |
ATD: 2023-03-14 11:13 |
CN DLC |
ETA: 2023-03-25 16:15 |
Ship manager/Commercial manager ALICIA SHIPTRADING CO 80, Broad Street, Monrovia, Liberia. |
43 |
LEOPARD I |
9293117 |
159186 |
Liberia |
RU NVS |
ATD: 2023-03-23 12:11 |
IN VAD |
ETA: 2023-04-13 12:30 |
Ship manager/Commercial manager LEOPARD I SHIPPING INC 80, Broad Street, Monrovia, Liberia. |
44 |
HS GLORY |
9249087 |
166447 |
Liberia |
RU NVS |
ATD: 2023-03-22 04:04 (UTC +3) |
IN SIK |
ETA: 2023-04-17 18:00 |
Ship manager/Commercial manager HS GLORY LTD 80, Broad Street, Monrovia, Liberia. |
40 |
SOL PRIDE |
9224283 |
160200 |
St Kitts and Nevis |
RU KAVKAZ SOUTH ANCH |
ATD: 2023-03-01 09:26 |
SA JEDDAH ANCH |
ATA: 2023-03-22 11:57 |
Ship manager/Commercial manager UTKAL SHIPPING & MARINE LTD Intershore Chambers, Road Town, Tortola, British Virgin Islands. |
41 |
NAXOS |
9336426 |
105827 |
St Kitts and Nevis |
RU KAVKAZ SOUTH ANCH |
ATD: 2023-03-08 16:00 |
GR LAKONIKOS GULF |
ATD: 2023-03-20 05:00 |
Ship manager/Commercial manager HIPPOCAMPUS SHIPPING & MARINE Trust Company Complex, Ajeltake Road, Ajeltake, Majuro MH 96960, Marshall Islands. |
45 |
GLAUCUS |
9337389 |
105641 |
Panama |
RU NVS |
ATD: 2023-03-16 23:56 |
LK CMB |
ETA: 2023-04-10 10:30 |
Ship manager/Commercial manager GLOBAL SHIP MANAGEMENT LTD 21st Floor, CMA Building, Connaught Road Central, Central, Hong Kong, China. |
This article has been prepared with the support of the European Union in Ukraine. The content of the article is the sole responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily reflect the position of the EU
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